Shaving plane



Aug. 14, 1928. 1,681,018

F. J. STEPHAN SHAVING PLANE Filed Dec. 17, 1926 it i 3/0 [/filkf/Efl 2A I Z, v Z

Patented Aug. 14, 1928.

UNITED, STATES:

FRANK J. s'rnrnan, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'ro H. 13. noUsE &

or cnrcaqo, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS.

PATENT OFFICE.

SHAVING PLANE.

Application filed December 17, 1926. Serial No. 155,460.

My invention relatesto shaving planes and has for its general object the provision of a construction which will more readily ermit of the accurate finishing or machlnmg of plane portions hitherto difficult of access to for this purpose.

My invention finds an important embodlment in a plane in which the bit or knife carrying stock is assembled with a ulde for directing its movement, such gui e directing the plane of movement of the work engaging face or sole of the stock. In a plane of this character a handle is employed for reciprocating the bit carr ing stockof the plane, the handle, the stoc r, andthe mounting for the stock upon which the handle 1s pivoted, cooperatin to direct movement of the stock indepen ently of the work. In

hand planes, the sole of the stock is general- 1y positioned by the work itself, the sole of i the stock being substantially in one plane.

Where the stock is guided, it may be preferred to have the trailing portion of the stock sole slightly offset, toward the work,

from theleading ortion of the stock sole, though the inventlon is not to be thus re; stricted. These two portions of the sole of the stock are defined by means of a transverse slot through which the cutting end of the knife or blt slightly projects. It is 1mportant to have the front edge of the slot, that slotedge where the bit end is located, accurately machined into exact parallelism with the bit end.

Hitherto, the narrowness of the. slot prevented the use of a desirablemachining tool for this purpose. In order that accessmay be afforded to this slot edge, I make the trailing portion of the sole of the stock separately from the balance of the stock and assemble the same with the stock after the desired machining has been performed. The absence of the trailing portion of the stock sole during the machining operation also facilitates the planing of the inclined end surface of the stock against which the bit is held and along which the bit is moved in being adjusted.

The invention will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a side view of the preferred embodiment of my invention as employed in a metal plane, that is, a plane for shaving metal; Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 4; Fig. 3 is a perspective oomranr;

view showing the stockremoved from its guide, the trailing portion of the sole of the stock being broken away and the knife or bit of the lane being shown on one side; and Fig. 41s a plan view of the plane. Y

The stock 1 of the plane is formed with a transverse slot 2 therethrough through which the cutting end of the knife or bit 3 projects beyond the bottom or sole of the stock a distance corresponding to the thickness of the shaving which is to be removed from the work. The plane bit is held in its selected adjustment againstthe .top end 4 of the stock by means of a clamping bolt 5 whose stem is screwed into the block and whose head 5 clamps the washer 6 against the top] surface of the bit to clamp the bit against the top surface of the stock end Ln The surface of thestock end 4 which is engaged by the bit is usually inclined so that the knife is presented at the proper angle to the work for cutting shavings therefrom and for directing the shavings through the slot into the hollow portion 7 of the stock. When it is desired to readjust the plane bit, said bolt is loosened whereupon thebolts 8 are suitably turned. These bolts are screwed into the stock end 4 and have flange enlargements I 9 which enter a slot '10 in the bit 3 whereby longitudinal movementof the bit is forced when these bolts are turned, the bolt 5 passing through anelongated slot 11 in .the bit which permits lon itudinal adjustment of the bit. After the bit has been Samm -ad-' justed, the bolt 5 is tightened tohold itlin selected adjustment.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated,the stock of the plane doesnotdirectly carry a handle, the handle 12 for operating the plane stock and the bit carried by the stock being mounted to turn upon ablock 13 which, itself, is mounted to turn upon the mounting 14, Which is provided upon the guiding frame 14, the axes of movement of the handle upon the block 13 and of the block 13 upon the handle upon the mounting 14 becarried by the mounting 14: and angular to the stock 1 and its plane of movement. The Work is held against the leading portion of the sole of the stock, that which is in advance of the cutting edge of the bit, by means of the block 18 and the rack 19, fixed upon the bed 17, said block being held in relation to the rack by means of a holding dog 20 which is pressed toward the rack by a spring 21 and which may be released from engagement with the rack by means of a thumb piece 22 which is carried upon the rod 23 on which said dog is carried. The spring 21 presses upon the thumb piece 22 in a direction to engage the holding dog 20 with the rack 19 when the teeth upon the dog are in register with teeth upon the rack. When the dog is engaged, said spring is, incidentally, expanded, sullicient power remaining in. the spring after the thumb piece :22 is released to engage the holding dog, as stated. The stock of the plane is disposed in an upright groove that is formed in the guide 1 1, the opposing walls of this groove being recessed as indicated at 24 to receive the stem portions ofthe T-shaped sides 25 of the stock.

Hitherto, it was somewhat diflicult to ma chine the surface of the stock end 4: which engaged the bit 3 on account of the presence of the trailing portion of the sole of the stock. It was even more difficult to apply the machining tool to the leading edge of the slot 2, that edge which is in advance of the plane bit 3, for the same reason. To obviate this difficulty, I form the trailing portion 26 separately from the balance of the stock and do not assemble it in position until after the desired machining has been accomplished. The trailing portion in the form of a bar 26 may be suitably assembled with the balance of the stock as by means of the screws 27 which enable this trailing portion to be removed if it should ever be desired to remachine the leading edge of the slot 2 and the surface of the stock end 4 that is engaged by the bit 3.

The rack 19 is shown as being carried upon a quadrant 28 which may be swung to change the angularity of the work which is presented to the plane. The quadrant may be held in position by means of the swinging bolt structure 29 passing through a slot 30 in the bed 19. Said quadrant and the parts in association therewith form no essential part of my invention. It is to be observed by reference to Fig. 3 that the longitudinal side portions of the stock are continued so as to constitute trailing portions thereof that are integrally formed with the stock and in which trailing portions notches are formed to receive the separately formed trailing portion 26. In the machining operation, the trailing )ortion 26 is removed in order that the mac lining may be accurately effected. Such machining is continued upon the trailing side portions of the stock so that the rule being operated upon is uniformly positioned with respect to the stock whether the rule laps the slot 2 or not or only partially laps the slot. This structural characteristic makes it unnecessary to exercise any particular degree of care in positioning the work with respect to the stock. Aside from these advantageous characteristics the trailing side portions of the stock form with the body of the stock a U-shaped member whose sides are notched to receive the bar 26' which is thus very accurately positioned with respect to the stock and particularly with respect to a portion of the stock against which the rule being operated upon bears or is pressed.

Haxing thus described my invention, I claim:

A plane including a stock having a trailing portion of U-shape integrally formed with the balance of the stock and whose longitudinal sides are formed with notches spaced apart from the base of said U-shaped trailing portion; a bar located in said notches and spaced apart from the base of said U- shaped portion to afford aslot through the sole of the stock; and a bit assembled with the stock and having its cutting edge projecting through said slot.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name.

FRANK J. STEPI-IAN. 

